“…left him with a fear…”

SIMS, J. Marion, (1885). The Story of my Life, ed. by H. Marion-Sims. D. Appleton & Co: New York, pp. 56, 60.

“There were headless ghosts…”

Narratives of Henry Barnes, Madison Griffin, Henry Cheatam, Carrie Nancy Fryer, Austin Grant, and Isaac Potter.

Library of Congress. (2018). Slave narratives: A folk history of slavery in the U.S., Alabama Narratives, Vol. 1, pp. 23, 69; South Carolina Narratives, Vol. 2, p. 213; Georgia Narratives, Vol. 1, p. 340; Texas Narratives, Vol. 2, p. 86.

Rawick, G. P., Hillegas, J., & Lawrence, K. (1978). The American slave: A composite autobiography: supplement, series 1. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Pub, Vol. 9, Mississippi, p. 1744.

“…to frighten their slaves…”

Narrative of H.H. Edmunds.

Library of Congress. (2018). Slave narratives: A folk history of slavery in the U.S., Indiana Narratives, Vol. 1, p. 65.

H.H. Edmunds

“…his mother’s parents…”

From a brief, unsigned portrait of Sims held in the archives room of the Lancaster County Library in Lancaster, South Carolina

SIMS, J. Marion, (1885). The Story of my Life, ed. by H. Marion-Sims. D. Appleton & Co: New York, p. 46.

“…a place once famous…”

Mills, R. (1826). Statistics of South Carolina:  including a view of its natural, civil, and military history, general and particular. Charleston, S.C: Hurlbut and Lloyd, pp. 603-04.

“…Swamp Fox…”

“Marion Sims and Other 19th Century Pioneers: The Dawn of Scientific Medicine,” Seale Harris, Journal of the Medical Association of Alabama, October 1945, p. 130.

“…Cherokee War of 1759…”

Weems, M. L., & Horry, P. (2004). The life of General Francis Marion: A celebrated partisan officer, in the revolutionary war, against the British and Tories in South Carolina and Georgia. Winston-Salem, N.C: J.F. Blair, p. 19.

“…pioneered guerilla warfare…”

See https://www.army.mil/ranger/heritage.html and https://www.military.com/military-fitness/army-special-operations/army-special-forces-overview.

“…Colonel Banastre Tarleton…”

Bass, R. D. (1982). Swamp Fox: The life and campaigns of General Francis Marion. Orangeburg, S.C: Sandlapper Store, p. 82.

“Sims’s grandfather…”

Sims’s account of his grandmother’s encounter with Tarleton was written for his autobiography—a cleaned-up version of the same material appeared in the February 1884 issue of Harper’s Magazine.

“Lydia Mackey and Colonel Tarleton: An Episode of the Revolutionary War,” J. Marion Sims, Harper’s, February 1884, pp. 468-70.

“Sims heard many times over…”

SIMS, J. Marion, (1885). The Story of my Life, ed. by H. Marion-Sims. D. Appleton & Co: New York, p. 52.

“General Cornwallis surrendered…”

SIMS, J. Marion, (1885). The Story of my Life, ed. by H. Marion-Sims. D. Appleton & Co: New York, p. 53.

“Braddock’s defeat near Pittsburgh…”

SIMS, J. Marion, (1885). The Story of my Life, ed. by H. Marion-Sims. D. Appleton & Co: New York, p. 32.

“John Sims fought briefly…”

SIMS, J. Marion, (1885). The Story of my Life, ed. by H. Marion-Sims. D. Appleton & Co: New York, pp. 33-36.