Page 175

“…for only a single year.”

Barnum, P. T. (1855). The life of P.T. Barnum: Written by Himself, New York, Redfield, p. 151.

“…dead by then.”

Barnum doesn’t explicitly state this, but he must have had the thought—in any event, this is what happened.

“…Niblo’s Garden…”

Barnum, P. T. (1855). The life of P.T. Barnum: Written by Himself, New York, Redfield, p. 152.

“…addition of a theatre.”

Reiss, B. (2010). The showman and the slave: Race, death, and memory in Barnum's America. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, pp. 31-32.

“Blurbs and snippets…”

Barnum, P. T. (1855). The life of P.T. Barnum: Written by Himself, New York, Redfield, p. 154.

“…invited editors to Nioblo’s…”

Reiss, B. (2010). The showman and the slave: Race, death, and memory in Barnum's America. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, p. 35.

“…bribed them for coverage.”

Reiss, B. (2010). The showman and the slave: Race, death, and memory in Barnum's America. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, p. 37.

“Breathless articles…”

Barnum, P. T. (1855). The life of P.T. Barnum: Written by Himself, New York, Redfield, p. 154.

“…twenty-five cents.”

Reiss, B. (2010). The showman and the slave: Race, death, and memory in Barnum's America. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, p. 34.

“…$1500 per week.”

Reiss, B. (2010). The showman and the slave: Race, death, and memory in Barnum's America. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, p. 38.

Barnum, P. T. (1855). The life of P.T. Barnum: Written by Himself, New York, Redfield, p. 152.

“New York doctors…”

Rogers was a prominent New York physician, even if, as will be seen, he was a bit of a showman himself.

Reiss, B. (2010). The showman and the slave: Race, death, and memory in Barnum's America. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, p. 134.

“…but an automaton.”

Reiss, B. (2010). The showman and the slave: Race, death, and memory in Barnum's America. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, pp. 115-16.

“…turn the fraud into a spectacle.”

Barnum never stated this exactly, but it might as well have been his motto.

Reiss, B. (2010). The showman and the slave: Race, death, and memory in Barnum's America. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, p. 144.

“…February 19, 1836.”

Reiss, B. (2010). The showman and the slave: Race, death, and memory in Barnum's America. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, p. 2.

“…a second round of free advertising…”

Reiss, B. (2010). The showman and the slave: Race, death, and memory in Barnum's America. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, p. 127.

“Public dissection of bodies…”

Reiss, B. (2010). The showman and the slave: Race, death, and memory in Barnum's America. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, p. 132.

“…excising enflamed tonsils...”

Reiss, B. (2010). The showman and the slave: Race, death, and memory in Barnum's America. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, p. 134.

“…one of the first successful ovariotomies…”

“How the Public Autopsy of a Slave Joice Heth Launched P.T. Barnum’s Career as the Greatest Showman on Earth,” James R. Wright, Clinical Anatomy, Vol. 31, 2018, p. 960.

“…the famous pirate Charles Gibbs…”

Reiss, B. (2010). The showman and the slave: Race, death, and memory in Barnum's America. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, p. 136.

“…executed in 1831…”

Gibbs, C. (1831). Mutiny and murder: Confession of Charles, Gibbs, a native of Rhode Island, who, with Thomas J. Wansley, was doomed to be hung in New York on the 22d of April last, for the murder of the captain and mate of the brig Vineyard on her passage from New Orleans to Philadelphia, in November 1830 ... Annexed is a solemn address to youth. Providence: Printed for and published by Israel Smith, pp. 1, 7, 36.

“…the same ossification…”

Reiss, B. (2010). The showman and the slave: Race, death, and memory in Barnum's America. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, p. 136.